Wild reindeer, also known as caribou in North America, are among the most iconic inhabitants of the Arctic tundra and boreal forests. These nomadic animals undertake some of the longest migrations on Earth, traveling hundreds of kilometers in search of food. Their herds, often numbering in the thousands, create a breathtaking spectacle across the snowy plains.

Reindeer are essential to their ecosystem, as their grazing patterns shape vegetation and their migrations spread nutrients. However, they face growing challenges due to climate change, habitat fragmentation, and overhunting. Reserves like Norway’s Svalbard Nature Reserve play a crucial role in protecting reindeer by preserving migration routes, maintaining grazing grounds, and conducting scientific research. Conservationists are also working with indigenous communities, such as the Sami people, to ensure traditional herding practices can coexist with wildlife conservation.