The water buffalo, often associated with rural farming, also exists in wild and semi-wild populations across Asia. These animals play a critical role in maintaining wetland ecosystems. Reserves like Kaziranga National Park in India provide safe havens where they can roam freely.

Efforts to conserve water buffalo focus on preventing hybridization with domestic breeds, protecting wetlands from encroachment, and mitigating conflicts with farmers. By securing their habitat, reserves are preserving not only the species but also the ecosystems they sustain.